Kune varwere vane chirwere cheitsvo chekupedzisira (ESRD), hemodialysis inzira yekurapa yakachengeteka uye inoshanda. Munguva yekurapwa, ropa nedialysate zvinosangana nedialyzer (itsvo yekugadzira) kuburikidza nemembrane inoyerera zvishoma, zvichibvumira kuchinjana kwezvinhu zvinofambiswa nemazinga ehuwandu. Muchina we hemodialysis unoita basa rakakosha mukuchenesa ropa nekubvisa tsvina ye metabolic uye ma electrolyte akawandisa uku uchiisa calcium ions ne bicarbonate kubva mu dialysate muropa. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora zvakakosha zvemuchina we hemodialysis uye tichatungamira masarudzo emuchina wemhando yepamusoro kuti kurapwa kuve nyore.

 

Kunzwisisa Michina yeHemodialysis

Michina yekuchenesa ropa inowanzova nemaitiro maviri makuru: sisitimu yekutarisa ropa uye sisitimu yekupa ropa netsvina. Sisitimu yeropa ine basa rekudzora kutenderera kweropa kunze kwemuviri uye sisitimu yekuchenesa ropa inogadzirira mhinduro yekuchenesa ropa nekusanganisa zvinhu zvinosanganiswa nemvura yeRO uye inoendesa mhinduro yacho kudialyzer. Muhemodialyzer, dialysate inoita kupararira kweropa, kupinda, uye kupfapfaidza ropa remurwere kuburikidza nemembrane inoyerera zvishoma, uye panguva imwe chete, ropa rinocheneswa richadzokera mumuviri wemurwere kuburikidza nesisitimu yekuchenesa ropa uye sisitimu yekuchenesa ropa inoburitsa mvura yakasviba. Maitiro aya anoenderera mberi ekuchenesa ropa zvinobudirira.

Kazhinji, sisitimu yekutarisa ropa inosanganisira pombi yeropa, pombi yeheparin, yekutarisa kumanikidzwa kweropa netsinga, uye sisitimu yekuona mweya. Zvinhu zvakakosha zvesisitimu yekupa dialysis system isystem yekudzora tembiricha, sisitimu yekusanganisa, sisitimu yekubvisa gas, sisitimu yekutarisa conductivity, yekutarisa ultrafiltration, yekuona kubuda kweropa, nezvimwewo.

Mhando mbiri huru dzemichina inoshandiswa mu hemodialysis ndiyo yakajairikamuchina we hemodialysis (HD)uyemuchina wekuchenesa ropa (HDF)Michina yeHDF inoshandisama dialyzer anoyerera zvakanyanyainopa nzira yekusefa yepamusoro-soro - kupararira uye kutenderera kwemvura kuti iwedzere kubviswa kwemamorekuru makuru nezvinhu zvine chepfu uye kuzadza maion akakosha nekuchinjana basa rekupa.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nzvimbo iri pamusoro peganda redialyzer inofanira kutariswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emurwere, kusanganisira huremu, zera, mamiriro emwoyo, uye mukana wekupinda kwetsinga dzeropa pakusarudza dialyzer. Nguva dzose bvunza mazano enyanzvi yachiremba kuti uone kuti chii.dialyzer yakakodzera.

 

Kusarudza Muchina Wakakodzera Wekutsvaira Hemodialysis

Kuchengetedzeka uye kururama ndizvo zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosheswa. Heano mamwe matipi akakosha ekufunga nezvawo:

1. Zvinhu zvekuchengetedza

Muchina wekuongorora ropa une hunyanzvi unofanirwa kuve nehurongwa hwakasimba hwekutarisa kuchengetedzeka uye ma alarm system. Ma system aya anofanira kunge achiziva mamiriro asina kunaka uye kupa yambiro dzakarurama kune vanoshanda.

Kutarisa panguva chaiyo kunotarisa nguva dzose kumanikidzwa kweropa neropa, mwero wekuyerera kweropa, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha panguva yekuongorora ropa. Masevhisi ekunyevera anoratidza matambudziko akadai sekuti mweya uri muropa wapfuura mwero weropa, kana mwero wekusapinda kweropa muropa usina kururama.

 2. Kururama kwekushanda

Kururama kwemuchina kunokanganisa kushanda kwekurapa uye kunowanzo ongororwa nezvinhu zvinotevera:

Kuyerera kwemvura mumuviri (Ultrafiltration rate): muchina unofanirwa kudzora mvura inobviswa kubva kumurwere nemazvo.

Kutarisa mafambiro emhepo: kuona kuti dialysate iri pahuwandu hwakakwana hwe electrolyte.

Kudzora tembiricha: muchina unofanirwa kuchengetedza dialysate patembiricha yakachengeteka uye inonyaradza.

 3. Interface Inoshanda Nevashandisi

Chishandiso chiri nyore kushandisa chinogona kuwedzera ruzivo rwevarwere nevanoshanda. Tsvaga michina ine ma control anonzwisisika uye ma display akajeka anoita kuti zvive nyore kutarisa ma parameter ekurapa.

4. Kugadzirisa nekutsigira

Funga nezvesimba rerutsigiro rwehunyanzvi uye masevhisi ekugadzirisa emugadziri wemuchina akasarudzwa. Rutsigiro rwakavimbika runogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti chero matambudziko agadziriswa nekukurumidza, zvichideredza kukanganisa kurapwa.

 5. Kutevedzera Mutemo

Muchina wekuchenesa ropa unofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedzwa uye yemhando yepamusoro yakatarwa nemasangano anotonga. Kutevedzera uku kwakakosha pakuona kuti murwere akachengeteka uye kuti arapwe zvinobudirira.

 

Michina yeHemodialysis yemakwikwi uye Mugadziri

Iyomodhi yemuchina we hemodialysis W-T2008-Byakagadzirwa naChengdu WesleyInobatanidza ruzivo rwechikwata ichi rwemakore anoda kusvika makumi matatu muindasitiri uye hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji. Muchina uyu wakagadzirirwa kushandiswa muzvikamu zvekurapa uye wakagamuchira chitupa cheCE, chine tekinoroji yepamusoro, kugadzikana, kuchengetedzeka kwemurwere uye nyaradzo, uye nyore kushanda kwevashandi vekurapa. Une mapombi maviri uye kamuri chaiyo yekugovera nekudzosa mvura, dhizaini yakasarudzika yekuona kuti ultrafiltration yakarurama. Zvikamu zvakakosha zvemuchina uyu zvinounzwa kubva kuEurope neUS, zvakaita semavharuvhu e-solenoid anovimbisa kudzora kwakarurama kwekuvhurwa nekuvhara kwenzira, uye machipisi anovimbisa kutarisa kwakarurama uye kuunganidzwa kwedata.

 

Yepamusoro dziviriro yekuchengetedzwa hurongwa

Muchina uyu unoshandisa nzira mbiri dzekutarisa nekudzivirira mweya, zvidziviriro zvemvura pamwe nezvinoongorora mabubble, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira mhepo iri muropa kuti isapinde mumuviri wemurwere kuti isapinda munjodzi dzemhepo inoputika. Pamusoro pezvo, muchina uyu une nzvimbo mbiri dzekutarisa tembiricha uye nzvimbo mbiri dzekufambisa mweya, zvichiita kuti dialysate irambe yakanaka panguva yekurapwa. Sisitimu yealarm yakangwara inopa mhinduro chaiyo panguva chaiyo pane chero dambudziko panguva yedialysis. Alarm iyi inozivisa vashandi kuti vapindure nekukurumidza kune chero dambudziko, zvichiwedzera kuchengetedzeka kwemurwere uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekurapa.

Zvichibva pahwaro hweW-T2008-B,Muchina wekuchenesa ropa weW-T6008SInowedzera monitor yeropa, mafirita e endotoxin, uye Bi-Cart semagadzirirwo akajairwa. Inogona kuchinja zviri nyore pakati peHDF neHD modes panguva yekurapwa. Isa ne high-flux dialyzers, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kubvisa mamorekuru makuru kubva muropa, muchina uyu unowedzera kushanda zvakanaka uye kunyaradzwa kwekurapa.